Injector for conduits



Oct. 2, 1945. l.. KLINGEN INJECTOR FOR CONDUITS Filed Sep/t.. 4, 1944 Fig. I

Fig. 11

myeror: Laender-w Klingen Bg his A+iforn zg: Q,

Patented Oct. 2, 1945 j UNITED STA-Ties! PATENT oreilles 'H @2,386,122 lmrec'ron Fort ooNDUr'rs e "Leendert Klingen, ."Martinez, Calif.,assignor` .to i ""Shell Development Company, San Francisco,

` Calif., a corporation of Delaware Y *application sentencia 4,1944, seriamoyssznoe j Y iooiaims. (c1. 299-114) LA"The present invention relates ito an improved injector `for ,adding uids to duid carrying conduits. More particularly, thevpresentnveniion relates tol an injector which serves to tho-roughly mix injected fluids `with fluids; owing.-through a conduit.

tion of pipeline systems and in numerous i other instances, it is often desiredgto inject and mix a.f1 uid. Witha second iluid which is flowing use of complicated andexpensivemixing equip-` ment or by theuse of haied conduitinjectors which have the disadvantage of causing consid-v erable back pressure inthe conduit system.`

In various .industrial processes, inthe opera- Itis an object ofthe present invention to .pron0 vide an improved conduit injector which provides` thorough and `complete mixing of the iiuid 4injected with the fluidpassing .through the conduit, regardless of ject of .the invention toprovide an improvcdin.. jectorwhich will not cause back pressure in the conduit to which theinjected-iiuid is :being supplied. Still anotherobjectis to Aprovide an injectorfof the type described above whichis inexpensive and simple to construct and, maintain. Other objects, together withsome 4of theiadvantages Vto 'bederived in utilizing the vpresent in-I vention, willbecomeapparent from the following..

detailed description thereof, taken together with the .accompanying drawing forming a part of the specification and wherein: y v

Figurel is an end elevation -of an injector according to the present invention and Figure II is a sectional elevation through IIe-1r of Figure L l e Referring to the drawing theinjector comprises a pair of concentric rings I and `2,.the outer face of inner ring 2 being provided with an an-A nular channel 3 and forming an annular manifold when rings `I and 2 are placed together 4as shown in the drawing. A port I6 is provided in outer ringl yI Vandis in iiowcomrnunication with threaded nipple 4, which is rigidly attached to ring I, and with annular `manifold. 3.

A plurality of injection ports 5, 6 and 1 are provided'in inner ring 2 and are 'evenly spaced therearound. Injection ports 5, 6 and 1 are each in ilow :communication with annular manifold -3 and with the conduit defined by the inner surface Vthe natureV of the fluids 4or-the. relative quantitiesinvolved. Itis a further oh of inner ring 2. `Ports 9, `-II and I3 are "provided in outer ring vI .and-Iarein ,flow communicationf-` with annular manifold 3 and injection ports 5, 6 and 1. Ports 9, II and I3 are provided with plugs Ill, I2y and I4 respectively, plugs I0, I2 and "I4 threadedly engaging outer ring I. Pin v, `which engages both outer ring I and inner ringV "2,` serves to aline outer ring I with respect to innerV ring 2in such position tha-tports 9, `II and `Il are -in -directow communication withinjection ports 5, 6 and 1 respectively when"assex'nbling"the"` injector. `Outer ring I` iitsfover'inner ring 2 ina close pressed t. g Referring particularly to k.'E'ig'ure I, injection ports 5, '6 vand 1 areeach disposed radiallyaskew has been found generally preferable for optimum mixing, the desired eiect to a degree is attained when `the injection ports are radially askew; from approximately 1 to 10."

Referring particularly to Figure II. injection ports 5, 6 and 1 are also inclined, in the direction of flow through the injector, 15 with respect to a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the conduit defined by inner ring 2; Although L an approximately 15 inclination in the direction, of -flow is preferable for `general utilization, ofll sets varying from approximately 10 to approximately l25 are operable for use according to the. present invention.

The discharge outlet of each of injection ports 5, 6 and 'I is countersunk at an angle to the infl terior` face of inner ring 2 as shown at |`5"`of` Figure II, it having been lfoundthat feathering of the fluid streams injected is virtually obviated by this expedient. The base of the countersink is ush with the vdischarge end of the injection", port on the upstream `vside' thereoff and subtends l* the same angle with the inside'tvall of inner ring 2 on thedownstream side as the downstream offset of the injection conduit, Thus, in Figure II, the base of `countersink I5 subtends an angle of 15J with the inner face of `inner ring 2 and inf` jection conduit `5 is loifset'l" inthe direction of flow with respect Ato 'a plane perpendicular tothe longitudinal axis -of the yconduit defined by inner ring 2. I-f aninjectoij` is employed having in# jection ports with a downstream offsetof`20,`

countersink I 5 should he modified so that the up-l stream side of the base thereof is flush with vthe discharge outlet or'4 the injection port' and the downstream side thereof fsubtends an :angle of 20 with `the inner face of inner yring 2.

In'operation, the injector-"is disposed `ina coli--` i -fluid which is to be injected is supplied to nipple 4 by means Vof a pressure pump or other means suitable for providing a supply of the material to be injected at a pressure exceeding that of the uid within the conduit. The pressure differential should be at least approximately 25 p. s. i. and preferably about 40-50 p. s.i. or more. The streams of iluid injected form a vortex near the center of the conduit which rapidly disintegrates iowing through the conduit.y

plugs I0, I2 and I4, thus gaining access'tolthe injection ports through ports 9, Il and` I3.

.The following operating examples illustrate the practicalutilization' of the invention. 1-

.Y j brErampzeI f y Liquid `hydrocarbon material containing traces of caustic from a previous treating operation was passed through a conduit 6 inches4 in diameter at a` rateof 7000 barrels per day. In order to remove the caustic, water wasinjected into the conduit at a rateof approximately 30 gallons per minute by means lof an injector of theV type described above. The inner ring 2fof theLinjector had. anY

inside diameter of G inches, injection ports l5, 6 and] were eachl; inch inrdiameter Aand were eachra'dially askew 5 and provided with a down-V A 55 p. s.:i. pressure differ-y Substantially complete ex.-

stream oiset of ential was employed, traction of the caustic from the hydrocarbonrmaf terial resulted when the aqueousand hydrocarbon phases were separated in a settling chamber at the end of the conduit. k

- Example II Liquid hydrocarbon material containing acidic.

components was passed through afconduitv 3 inches in diameter at a rate of 900 barrels per day..

In order to neutralize the hydrocarbon material,

16 B. aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was inV` jected into the conduit at a rate of 20 gallons per minute and at an approximately 50 p. s. i. pressure differential. Inner ring 2 of the injector had an inside diameter of 3 inches and the injection ports were each 13e inch in diamet'enr` radially Yaskew 5 and provided'with a downstream isetA Complete .neutralization yof the hydroy 55 of 15. carbon material was'attained. y

Various applications for whichthepresent injectors'are suitable include, among others, the treatment of one fluid withanother as in the examples'above, the blending of two or more miscible uids in a conduit, the addition ofcorro-g sion inhibitors or scale removing compounds to. pipelines' or other conduit systems, the treatment of malt liquors with bisulphite or other solutions as is commonly practiced in the brewingindustry,

etc. The present injector is,V in fact, adapted for f use in dispersing any fluid, whetherinthe form of homogeneous liquid, gas slurry, emulsion or dispersion in a second iiuid lpassing through a v conduit, regardless of the compatibility of the two fluids. I claim as my invention:

1. In-equipment of the class described, the comi bination comprising conduit means and a plurality of-.injection-ports in flowcommunication 70 l element, each 5 inclined in the direction of normal ilow through said conduit means, each of said injection lports being also radially askew in the same direction with respect to the longitudinal axis of said conduit means. v 7

10 2. In equipment of the class described, the combination comprising conduit means and a plu- "rality of injection ports in iiow communication .Switlrsaid' conduit means and lying in a plane into a fine dispersion and provides4 maximummix:l ing and/or blending of the injected fluid,vvith' 1 ;hat

whicnmlales an angle of substantially 10 to 25 5'fwith lafplane Vperpendicular to the longitudinal l Y. "axisl of said. conduit means so that each of said Injection ports 5, .6 and I may be inspected or cleansed when necessary or desirable byre'mo'ving'4 Y Y injection ports is inclined from approximately '10 toapproXimately25 in the direction of nor- .Y mal flowthrough said conduitmeans, each of 2h said injection ports being also radiallyY askew in combination comprising 4a manifold housing including an annular manifold therein, said mani-A fold housing defining a conduit element,and a plurality of injection ports in now communication with said manifold and said conduit element,

each of said injection portsbeing radiallyaskew in the-same direction with respect to the longitudinal axis of said conduit element, each of said injection ports being inclined` in the direction of normalrflowthroughv said conduit element and with respect to a. plane'perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of said conduit element.

4.A In equipment of the class described, the combination comprising-a manifold housing inplurality of injection -portsf in now-communication with said manifold and said conduit element, each of said injection ports being radially askew in the same direction with respect to the 1ongi tudinal axis of saidconduit element, leach of said injection ports being inclined in' the direction of normal flow throughsaid conduit element and with respect to aV plane Yperpendicular to `the lonsaid injection ports being countersunk at the discharge outlet thereof, veachfcountersink being flushwith the discharge end of the injection port on theupstream side thereof and subtending an angle with the wallof said conduit element on; the downstream side thereof.

' 5. In equipment Vof the' class described, V*the combination comprising a manifold housing including an annular manifold therein;V said manin fold housing defining a conduit element, and a" plurality ofinjection ports in ow communica-v tion with said manifold and `said' conduitelement, each o f said injection ports being radially askew in the same direction with respect to the longitudinal axis of said conduitj'elem'ent, eachV of said injection ports being inclined in the direction' of normal flow through "said lconduit element and withV respect to Vva plane perpendicunr' to: the' longitudinal axis essaie conduit n ofvsaidv injectionfports being countersunk'at the dischargeoutlet thereof; each countersink being ush with thedischargeend Yof .the injection ports- .on thelupstreamsideV thereof: and subtending jan: angle with the/wall.A -1of said conduit elementonzthe.:downstreamside:

v gitudinal -axis' of said conduit element,V each of.

thereof egual to the angle of downstream inclination of said injection ports.

6. In equipment of the class described, the combinati-on comprising a manifold housing including an annular manifold therein, said manifold housing defining a conduit element, and a plurality of injection ports regularly spaced around said manifold housing and in flow cornmunication with said manifold and said conduit element, each of said injection ports being radially askew in the same direction between approximately 1 and 10 with respect to the longitudinal axis of said conduit element, eacLA of said injection ports being inclined in the direction of normal flow through said conduit element and with respect to a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of said conduit element.

7. In equipment of the classV described, the combination comprising a manifold housing including an annular manifold therein, said manifold housing defining a conduit element, and a plurality of injection ports regularly spaced around said manifold housing and in flow communication with said manifold and said conduit element, each of said injection ports being radially askew in the same direction with respect to the longitudinal axis of said conduit element, each of said injection ports being inclined from approximately 10 to approximately 25 in the direction of normal flow through saidv conduit element and with respect to a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of said conduit element.

8. in equipment of the class described, the combination comprising a manifold housing including an annular manifold therein, said manifold housing deiining a conduit element, and a plurality of injection ports regularly spaced around said manifold housing and inflow communication with said manifold and said conduit element, each of said injection ports being radially askew in the same direction between approximately 1 and approximately 10 with respect to the longitudinal axis of said conduit element, each `of said injection ports being inclined from approximately 10 to approximately 25 in the direction of normal flow through said conduit element and with respect to a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of said conduit element.

- 9. In equipment of the class described, the

combination comprising a manifold housing including an annular manifold therein, said manifold housing defining a conduit element, and a plurality of injection ports regularly spaced around said manifold housing and in now communication with said manifold and said conduit element, each of said injection ports being radially askew in the same direction approximately 5 with respect to the longitudinal axis of `said conduit element, each of said injection ports being inclined approximately 15 in the direction of normal now through said conduit element and with respect to a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of said conduit element.

10. In equipment of the class described, the combination comprising a manifold housing including an annular manifold therein, said manifold housing dening a conduit element, and a plurality of injection ports regularly spaced around said manifold housing and in flow oommunication with said manifold and said conduit element, each of said injection ports being radially askew in the same direction between approximately 1 and approximately 10 with respect to the longitudinal axis of said conduit element, each of said injection ports being in' clined from approximately 10 to approximately 25 in the direction of normal ow through said conduit element and with respect to a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of said conduit element, each of said injection ports being countersunk at the discharge outlet thereof, each countersink being flush with the discharge end of the injection port on the upstream side thereof and subtending an angle with the Wall of said conduit element on the downstream side thereof, said angle being equal to the downstream offset angle of said injection ports.

LEENDERT KLINGEN. 

